DEFIANCE (American International, 1980)


D: John Flynn. P: William S. Gilmore Jr, Jerry Bruckheimer. W: Thomas Michael Donnelly. Ph: Ric Waite. M: Dominic Frontiere. St: Jan Michael Vincent (Tom Gamble), Theresa Saldana (Marsha Bernstein), Danny Aiello (Carmine), Rudy Ramos (Angel Cruz), Art Carney (Abe)


Made at a time when the vigilante sub-genre resembled nothing so much as an urban spin on the western, this is a middling example of the type from a director who had trodden similar ground with greater assurance in 1977’s Rolling Thunder

 
When Tom, a merchant seaman, is suspended for ill-discipline, he finds himself marooned in New York, a city he disparages. While pestering a shipping agent to find him a berth, he takes an apartment in a rundown neighbourhood on the Lower East Side. Despite sullenly insisting he’s “just passing through”, he forms attachments to some of his neighbours – a streetwise kid and a punch-drunk ex-boxer; Italian-American Carmine; storekeeper Abe; most significantly, the inquisitive Marsha Bernstein, with whom he strikes up a romance.


It quickly becomes apparent that a local gang, the Souls, holds sway here, strutting through the streets while residents watch fearfully from their apartments. Tom stands up to them and becomes a target, and thus a hero to his new friends, whose blandishments he continually resists – “I don’t belong here. I just want to mind my own business.” He leaves when a ship becomes available but, inevitably, he doesn’t get very far before he is compelled to turn back and make a decisive stand. 



The take-back-the-streets scenario was a popular one at the turn of the Eighties – nourished by crime statistics and sensational headlines, and chiming, consciously or otherwise, with the town-taming rhetoric of Newark activist-politician Anthony Imperiale and cowboy president Ronald Reagan. Ordinary people joined forces against the punks in Boardwalk (1979), We’re Fighting Back (1981) – inspired by New York’s Guardian Angels – Death Vengeance (1982) and Vigilante (1983), and were impelled in Death Wish 3 (1985) by an expert in the field, Charles Bronson’s Paul Kersey. 


The protagonist of Defiance falls somewhere between the concerned-citizen and action-hero archetypes. The different facets of Tom’s character – pugnacious yet sensitive (he paints pictures of ships); self-determined yet clubbable – never quite coalesce. Tom’s vacillation may have been intended to suggest internal turmoil, but it plays more like a device to stretch out the story – partly a consequence of lax writing and partly Vincent’s somewhat limited emotional range; otherwise the role is a snug fit for an actor who was at his best when toughing it out. 



As the leader of the gang, Ramos – a one-time regular on The High Chaparral; later star of a one-man play about Geronimo – gives a mannered performance, all slow, deliberate movements, while his underlings are generic rent-a-yobs. But there is fine sketch work from the likes of Aiello, Carney and especially Saldana, who bring a pleasing sense of colour and vitality to their roles. There are notable bit parts for 6ft 6in Lenny Montana, the mob enforcer-turned-actor best known as Luca Brasi in The Godfather, here playing a brain-scrambled former prizefighter who makes a tragic rooftop ‘comeback’ against the Souls; and two actors who went on to play street trash in Vigilante: Frank Pesce, one of Carmine’s cronies here, was a drug dealer in the later film; and Don Blakely, who left an indelibly loathsome impression as the child-murdering Prago in Lustig’s grimy masterpiece. 


Flynn’s film is mild in comparison with its contemporaries. It has a low body count – there are more bruises than bullet holes – and is more restrained in its (obligatory) denunciation of legal failings, with patrol cops more apt to arrest protesting victims of crime than to bust the perpetrators themselves. The moral issues surrounding vigilantism are eschewed; the portrayal of urban thuggery strictly one-dimensional. (There is no overt racial profiling, however – the gang has mixed ethnicity.) Much like the westerns it resembles, the film instead asks questions of individual conscience – for how long can Tom deny his Shane-like destiny? – and collective responsibility – can the locals be roused from their state of fear? The answers are no less obvious for the delay in their delivery, Flynn prolonging uncertainty to create a flicker of tension as the showdown looms. 


Shot in a gritty, verité style by Ric Waite (The Long Riders; 48 Hours) on grungy locations, Defiance lacks surprises on its way to an improbably upbeat conclusion, but as an ode to the kind of hard-bitten civic pride that can flower even in the most squalid environments, its message is relayed clearly enough. Kevin Grant



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